Several common active intermediates in organic synthesis

In organic synthesis, various reactions are often accompanied by various complex reaction processes, and different products are generated through different reaction mechanisms.

The following is a brief introduction to some active intermediates commonly used in organic synthesis.

Common active intermediate ---- Carbenium ion

Carbenium ion is a positively charged, unstable organic substance. Like a free radical, it's a reactive intermediate with a positive charge and six electrons in its outermost shell.

Common active intermediate ----carbanion

A carbon anion is a negatively charged particle with an even number of valence electrons whose negative charge (unshared pair of electrons) is localized to a carbon atom. The methyl anion may be regarded as the parent of all anions, and each anion may be named alkyl anion

Common active intermediate ----free radical

Free radicals are paramagnetic substances with unpaired electrons, which can produce electron spin resonance spectrum. Therefore, electron spin resonance spectrum (ESR) is generally used to detect free radicals, and spin trap, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum and free radical inhibitor can also be used to detect free radicals.

Common active intermediate ----carbene

Carbene, usually expressed as R2C:, refers to a highly reactive intermediate with only two valence bonds attached to the carbon atom, leaving two unbonded electrons. Usually formed by the elimination of a neutral molecule by a molecule containing a leaving group. Like carbon radicals, they are neutral active intermediates without positive or negative charges.

Common active intermediate ----Nitrene

Nitrene is an electron-deficient monovalent nitrogen active intermediate similar to carbenes. Can occur in a variety of reactions, in the organic synthesis of a wide range of.

Dimethylthiocarbamoyl chloride is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2NC(S)Cl. A yellow solid, it is often encountered as a yellow syrup. It is also named as N,N-Dimethylcarbamothioic chloride; N,N-Dimethyl Thio Carbamoyl Chlorid,Carbamoyl chloride, dimethylthio-; Dimethylcarbamothioic chloride; dimethyl-carbamothioicchlorid; Dimethylthiocarbamyl chloride; N,N-Dimethylthiocarbamyl chloride; N,N-DIMETHYLTHIOCARBAMOYL CHLORIDE; N,N-DIMETHYLCARBAMOTHIOIC CHLORIDE; DIMETHYLTHIOCARBAMOYL CHLORIDEe. It is a key reagent in the synthesis of arylthiols via the Newman-Kwart rearrangement.